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No. 374,195. Patentgd Dec. 13,1887.

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, N. PETERS, PhuimLhhnmpher. Walhlngmn. D. C.

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N0.374,795. I Patented De@.13,1887.

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UNITED STATES PATENT OEErcEL.

ISRAEL L. LANDIS, ALBERT ISKE, AND ANTHONY ISKE, OF LANCASTER, PENNSYLVANIA; SAD ALBERT AND ANTHONY ISKE ASSIGNORS TO SAID LANDIS.

COMBINED HAY RAKE AND TEDDER.

SPECIFXCATION forming part o Letters Patent No. 374.795, dated December 13, 1887.

Application filed February 26, 1F87. Serial No. 228,917. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern,.-

Be it known that we, ISRAEL L. LANDrs, ALBERT ISEE, and ANTHONY IsKE, citizens of the United States, residing at Lancaster, in

5 the county of Lancaster and State of Pennsylvania, have invented a certain new and useful Improvement in Combined Hay Rake and Tedder; and we do declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invenro tion, such as will enable others skilledfin the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification. l

This invention relates to certain improvements in that class of hay rakes and tedders which may be changed at will, as occasion relquires, eit-her to rake or ted the hay, as will 2o be more fully hereinafter explained. In this class of machines as now constructed, in order to operate the tedding mechanism, cumbersome gearing has been employed, which renders the machine heavy and creates unnecessary draft on the animals, besides rendering accidents liable, requiring frequent costly repairs, generally at the time when the machine is most needed and when its services cannot well be dispensed with. Moreover, in the machines now in use having positive gearing the rake or tedding-forks have a tendency to dig into the ground in their downward motion and tear out younggrass or plant-s and also to raise the earth in clods, which will be gathered up vwith the hay when raked into windrows. Again, the grass'is 4liable to be thrown with the green portions underneath and the partially-dried portions on top, preventing the proper circulation ofthe air through the same,

4o which prevents uniform drying, while the upper portions of the mass, which are exposed to the sun, are liable to become scorched, which impairs the flavor of the hay and deprives it to a great extent of its nutritive properties as fodder. f

' The object of our invention is to provide a ycombined tedder and rake whereby the teeth shall accomplish the tedding by gathering up the hay for a short distance while traveling 5o over the ground, and then at intervals slowly and effeotually' turn it over, separating the bunches, so as to turn the. dryest portions'underneath and the greenest uppermost, permitting a free circulation of air through the same and providing for the proper sun drying thereof. y Afurther object of our invention is to provide a light-running machine without cog-v l gearing, springs, and other unnecessary mechanism', and tov arrange all the working parts 6o so that they may be instantly operated and4 changed from rake to tedder or from tedder to rake by the driver without leaving the platform of the machine, as more fully hereinaft-e specified.

The above-mentioned objects we attain by the means illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 represents a top or plan view of ourimproved rake and tedder complete. Fig. 2 represents a sectional view taken on the line w .a of Fig. l. Fig. 3 represents a partial top view of the machine when adjusted for use as -a tedder; Fig. 4, detached detail views of the heads carrying the rake-teeth; Fig. 5, a de- 7 5 tached view of the main shaft and drivingwheel, with the pawl-and-ratchet mechanism Fig. 6, a detailed sectional view showing the means of securing the shafts to the carriage or truck; Fig. 7, a detailed sectional view of a portion of the machine, showingthe means of adj ustablysecuringthefinger-barshaftthereto; and Fig. 8,a detailed view of a modification of one of the heads, showing the spring for holding the teeth yieldingly down. Fig. 9 is a vertical section taken through the machine in the plane indicated by dotted line y y on Fig. l, indicating the rake and its hand-lever A by the aid of full and dotted lines in two positions, Fig. l0 is a detail of certainy parts adjusted for tedding, taken in the vertical plane indicated by dotted line z z on Fig. l.

' The letter A indicates the frame or truck of the machine, which is provided with hangers B, (one of which is shownin Fig. 10,) through which passes and is j ournaled the axle or main shaft C, which is arranged to turn in said bearings, as well as to allow a slight longitudinal movement of the frame. The thills A are passed between the platform of the frame A, .roo

and the sills a8 a, shouldered at A5, (see Fig. 6,) and held in their places by means of split pins A, passed vertically through the platform and the rear portions of said thills and through the front sill, as. Upon the extremities of said axle are loosely mounted the wheels D D', the wheel D' being provided with a pawl-lever, E, which takes into a ratchet, F, on, the shaft, so as to rotate the same when the machine is traveling forward, -but allow the shaft to remain idle when backing to prevent unnecessary turning of the tedding-teeth.

The pawl-lever Eis allowed to spring laterally, and it is fulcrumed on the inner side of the hub of the wheel D'. 'lhis lever has pivoted to it a pawl, qt, adapted to engage with the ratchet F on the axle C, and held in engagement with this ratchet by a spring, g5. Vlfhen the machine is used as a rake, the leverE is moved back of a pin, q, fixed to one of the spokes of wheel D', thus disengagng the pawl from shaft O and allowing Wheel D to turn freely thereon. When the machine is used as a tedder, the said lever E is adjusted in front of the pin g3 and pawl q* allowed to engage the wheel D with its shaft when the machine is moved forward.

The tedding or rake teeth are arranged in groups or sets of two or more in number, and are clamped between the heads G G'. These heads are constructed, preferably, of cast metal, and are semi-cylindrically recessed, so as to set over the shaft H of the machine and turn partially thereon independently of each other. The lower portions of the heads have rearward cam projections, I, and forwardly-projecting lips K, for the purpose hereinafter explained. y

On the main shaft C of the machine are secured a series of arms, L,which are provided with anti-friction wheels R, two arms corresponding to each tedder-section, andthe Whole being arranged to either clear the-cam-extensions on the heads when the machine is doing raking duty or engage them and operate the sections alternately when the machine is employed as a tedder. The shaft U is provided with an adjustable collar, C, by means of which the longitudinal movementof the frame may be limited, so as to bring the tappetarms into range with the respective cams. This operation is accomplished as follows: Upon the main shaft is a tiXed collar, M, having an annular groove in its periphery, which is embraced by the rear end of a laterallyvibrating lever, N, fulerumed to the truck or frame at P, and having a handle, R', by means of which it may be operated.

rlhe letter S indicates a foot-rest or lockframe provided with detents T, by which the lever is heldin position as the machine may be used fora rake or tedder.

When the handle R' is adjusted to the right hand, as shown in Fig. 1, the wheels or tappets laregout of alignment with the cam pro-v jections I and do not touch them. The machine is thus used as a rake proper.

The letter V indicates a lever secured to the clip K on shaft H,which forms its fulcrum, the upper end of said lever being provided with a handle, A', in reach of the driver, so that he can operate it to raise the teeth without leaving the platform. The, clip connects rigidly with a longitudinal bar,13', which is secured to the arms B2, pivoted to the shaft H. The said bar at suitable intervals is'provided with loops C', which are in range with the lips K, so as to engage the same and hold the rake teeth so as to move simultaneously, when desired. The bar at one end is provided with a weighted lever, D, under control ofthe driver, by which f it may be operated to set and unset the rakes.

WVhen the machine is used as a rake, the weighted arm or lever, which is rigidly secured to the bar B', is adjusted forward, as shown in Fig. 1, thus causing all of the loops C' to engage with the lips K and hold all the rake-teeth in alignment, so that they can all be raised and lowered together by manipulating the hand-lever A'; but when the machine is'used as a tedder the said weighted lever is moved back against a pin-rest, p3, thus allowing the several groups or sets ot' rake-teeth to rise and descend independently of each other.

The letter K' indicates a transverse bar which carries the clearing-arms L', which extend rearwardly between the raketeeth. The said bar is journaled in bearings M,which are U-shaped in form, one arm being fixed to the rearwardly extending beams of the main frame, and the other passing through the same loosely, the loose arm being ,screw-threaded and lprovided with a thumb-nut, N', by which the bearing may be tightened upon the bar K'. By this means the bar maybe clamped so as to hold the clearing-fingers in any desired inclination.

The heads G before mentioned,are each provided With a segmental groove, E', on its under side, and into these grooves project pins F', set into the shaft H, as shown in Fig. 4,

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whereby the said heads, `when clamped around t-he shaft, will be permitted to partially rotate thereon when the machine is being used,while at the same time any longitudinal movement of the heads on the shaft is prevented. By this arrangement of securing the heads to the shaft, it will beobserved, the pin is effectually prevented from being lost by working loose from the shaft and falling out, and also that all dust and foreign substances are prevented from collecting in the groove.

The drivers seat GX, which is pivoted at r, has a slotted shank,whieh is adj ustably secured to an inclined standard, H', by means of a screw-bolt and nut, I', in order to adjust it to the convenience of the driver. The slotted shank of the seat at its upper end is bent at an angle rearwardly, and the seat is pivoted to such bent end at V3, so that the driver may turn it in any direction, as occasion may re- Ils ' v"qiiire, and operate the machine either by foot or by hand, as may be convenient. The grooved standard has a rack with which intergears a projection on the slotted shank,serv

ing'to give the 'seat a firm support in whatever position it may be adjusted.

The'tappet-arms on the main axle are provided with anti-friction rollers on one side, which work .when the. axle is turning to operate the parts of the machine as a tedder.

The operating hand-lever A, which is located in close relation to the driver`s seat GX, is curved, as shown in Fig. 9, and its lower end is fitted in a socket, F2, in clips which embrace the shafts H B. This lever is used for raising and depressing the rake-teeth, and when the rake-teeth are raised to the position indicated in Fig. 9 in dotted lines it can be held by a pivoted hook, hx, engaging with a laterally-projecting pin, G2, fixed to said lever.

As constructed, it will be obvious that the operative parts of the machine are all under direct controlof the driver without unhitching the draft-animals.

By means of the pawl-lever E and ratchetwheel F the machine can be driven forward without rotation of the parts, so that there will be no tendency to take up hay or grass and wrap the same on the shafts, and thus cause clogging, and by constructing the heads in separate parts provision is made for removing the heads and the rake-teeth in case either should become broken or otherwise injured, without taking vapart the machine, which obviously would waste valuable time. rlhe annular grooves in the head, it will be observed, prevent the confining-pin from working out and being lost.

The upper head of each rake or tedder section is provided with a recessed stud, G3, slotted in the rear. The rake-teeth are pivoted between the two parts of the heads and extend backward through the slots, having an npvward and downward movement therein. -ln

the upper portion of the recess is located a spring, G4, to keep the rake-teeth yieldingly down to their work.

When the hand-lever V is moved forward in the act ofraking the hay in windrows', itis held forward with the tines raised in theposition indicated by dotted lines, Fig. 9, by the hook hX. The shaft B,which bears the loop engagements for the front ends, K, of the rake-bearers, is adapted to oscillate as described in its bearings, and is held at the two different points of its oscillation by the weighted arm D bearing downwardly aga'inst pin p3 when the said engagement is effected and upwardly against the pin p3 when the device is adjusted for a tedder alone. When the loaded arm or bar B is moved forward, as shown in Figs. 1 and 9, the loops C' are caused to engage with the front ends or extensions, K, of heads G", so that when lever V is thrown forward the raketeeth will be raised free from the ground. \Vhen thelarl'n D is moved backward against the pin p3,the loopsGA will be disengaged from l. The combination, in a hay rake and .tedy der, ofthe truck or carriage, the -transverse axle upon which theframe is mounted,and the yloosely-mounted wheels, one having a springarm provided with a spring-actuated pawl engaging with a ratchet on the axle and apin, q, on a spoke ot' the wheel D', whereby the machine may be caused to move the teeth or permit them to remain idle, substantially as specified. i

2. The combination, with the rake-teeth shaft having independently-mounted sections thereon provided with forwardly projecting lips, of the oscillating bar extending along the front ofthe same,and provided with loops to engage the lips and hold the tedder or rake sections s o as to move together, substantially as specified. Y

3. The combination, in a combined hay rake and tedder, of a truck or frame mounted by hangers. on the axle of the transporting- Wheels and laterally movable thereon by a vibrating hand-lever, rake-teeth secured to independentsleeves on a transverse shaft, said sleeves provided with front projections, arms or tappets on the said axle adapted to strike rear extensions of the said sleeves,and a rocking-rod or shaft provided with a weighted lever and with loops adapted to engage with said front projections of the said sleeves, all substantially as and for the purposes described.

4. A combined horse hay rake and tedder consisting of a main frame mounted by its rear extensions and hangers upon the axle of two transporting Wheels-fand laterally adjustable thereon by means described, tappets provided with anti-friction rollersand secured on said axle, parallelshafts having their bearings inthe main frame, the rear shaft provided with oscillating rake-heads formed wit-h front and rear extensions, the front shaft provided with a weighted lever and with loops adapted to engage the front extensions of the rake-heads and to vibrate with the rear shaft, raketeeth secured to the rear extensions of said rake-heads, and a clearer adj ustableby clamping'devices, substantially as described.

5. In a hay rake and tedder, the looselyjournaled oscillating bar provided with suit-` able loops, and the weighted lever attached thereto, in combination with the lipped heads carrying the rake or tedder teeth,substantiall y as specified.

6. In a combined hay rake and tedder,.the combination of the axleand its supportingwheels, the frame supported andadjustable on the said axle by means substantially as described, the tappets upon the said axle, the. rake-head shaft and its rake-head sections,the latter being provided with forwardly-extend- IZO ing arms K, and the oscillating bar B', provided with loops C,to engage the arms K, substantially as herein described.

7. In a combined hay rake and tedder, the combination, with the supporting-wheels and their axle, the tappet-arms upon the axle, the grooved collar M, secured upon the axle, and the stop-collar C3, also secured on the axle, of the frame mounted upon the axle and restricted in its longitudinal movement thereon by the said collar C3, the rocking lever N, journaled in the frame and engaging with the said collar M on the axle to adjust the frame back and forth upon the same, the rake-shaft journaled in the frame, the sectional rakeheads provided with rake-teeth, mounted on said rake-shaft and movable with the said frame, and means, substantially as described,

for locking the said rake-heads, substantially as described.

8. The combination,with the oscillating bar or shaft Bp', provided with engaging-loops, of the rakeshaft H, the rake-head sections, each composed of the sections G G', secured together and loosely embracing the shaft H, and adapted to clamp and hold the rake-teeth, one of the sections of each rake-head section being provided with an extension, K, and the axle provided With tappets, substantially as described.

9. The combination, with the shaft H, hav ing secured in it the pin F', of the clampingheads G G', longitudinally grooved on their inner faces and adapted to embrace the said shaft and clamp and hold the rake-teeth, the upper head, G, being provided on its under grooved side with a segmental groove, E', into which the pin F on the shaft projects,whereby the clamping-heads are allowed a. partial rotation and are at the same time prevented from a lateral movement upon the shaft, substantially as described.

ln testimony whereof we affix oursignatures in presence of two witnesses.

ISRAEL L. LANDIS. ALBERT ISKE. ANTHONY ISKE.

Vitnesses: i P. DoNNELLY, F. A. DIEHL. 

